MODEL OF THE NEAR-BOARD SALT KARST DEVELOPMENT AND ITS ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF RESISTANT WATERPROOFING PROFILE IN THE PROCESS OF DOMBROWSKI QUARRY FLOODING (THE CITY OF KALUSH)

Authors

  • V. Dyakiv

Keywords:

potassium salts, salt-clay rocks, dissolution, disintegration, near-side salt karst, modelling, Dombrowski quarry, Western Ukraine.

Abstract

In the geological structure of Kalush-Holynske deposit, one can distinguish the lower autochthonous terrigenous-sedimentary complex (J, C) and the upper allochtho-nous complex of Miocene molassa sediments which contains explored potash ore. In Dombrowski area, the potash salt strata underlay the Quaternary sediments at a depth of 16–175 m. That is why the quarry functioned here during 1967–2005. Overlying rocks in the contour of Dombrowski quarry have been worked by four ledges up to 10 m (soil and topsoil, loam, gravel and gypsum-clay “cap” have been selectively removed), and solid rocks and ore bed – by scarps up to 15 m (drilling and blasting disintegration), af-ter which they were taken to two dumps and concentrating factory. The main ore minerals of the potash deposit are kainite and langbeinite; high (up to 35 %) is the content of halite. Polyhalite, epsomite, kieserite, sylvite, schoenite are of subordinate value. Specific feature of the potash deposits of the whole Precarpathians is the high content of terrigenous and clay minerals (quartz, hydromica, chlorite) – up to 17 %. Karst processes are manifested in the following: karst landforms (swallow holes, sink holes, the Badlands, wells, channels, cones, dips, circuses etc.); alluvial fans of in-soluble material in areas of water inflow; the “cut” sides, underwater niches of leaching and surface of the consoles of salt rocks sides; rough leaching surface of salt rocks; cracks in the surface of consoles of salt rocks sides; primary downfalls of the surface consoles of salt rocks sides in the aggressive environment of the near-surface water col-umn, their dissolution and self-isolation; the formation of friable hydro-insulating prism of insoluble precipitate in the underwater part of the primary surface consoles of the boards; the formation of consolidated hydro-insulating prism from insoluble precipitate with a steady grip with a rough leaching surface. The model of activation of specific near-board salt karst has been proposed on the basis of the research. Its determining factors are near-surface terrestrial and shallow sub-marine deformation of the boards. The first important result of the karst development is the decrease of intensity of salt minerals–water interaction. This led to the fact that for seven years the water salinity on the surface of flooded quarry has decreased from 165 to 36 g/l. The second consequence is the formation of a stable hydro-insulating layer, due to which the dissolution of salt boards is impossible. This led to the formation of a gravity-graded lake, the water of which, according to forecasts, in the upper 17-meter water column should have a salinity of 2–3 g/l.

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Published

2024-01-22

How to Cite

Dyakiv, V. (2024). MODEL OF THE NEAR-BOARD SALT KARST DEVELOPMENT AND ITS ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF RESISTANT WATERPROOFING PROFILE IN THE PROCESS OF DOMBROWSKI QUARRY FLOODING (THE CITY OF KALUSH). Mineralogical Collection, 2(66), 128–138. Retrieved from https://journals.lnu.lviv.ua/index.php/mineralogy/article/view/298