GLOBOROTALIA MENARDII (D’ORBIGNY, 1826) PARKER, JONES & BRADY, 1865: HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE (COMMENTS ON TAXONOMY, NOMENCLATURE AND PHILOGENY)
Keywords:
Globorotalia menardii, morphology, taxonomy, nomenclature, phylogeny, Miocene, PodillyaAbstract
For the first time for Early Sarmatian deposits (Buhliv beds, Miocene) of the territory of Podillya (Western Ukraine), a monographic description of one of the biomarkers of the ecozone Globorotalia menardii-Anomalinoides dividens-Spirolina austriaca is given. Its taxonomic position and phylogenetic connections have been clarified. It is determined that the event of morphological change in the structure of Globorotalia menardii skeletons has global significance with a diachronic shift in time with a tendency to rejuvenate and depends on changes in environmental conditions. The evolutionary variability of this taxon consists in the discovery of a variety of morphological parameters of skeletons (test size, spiral height, number of chambers in the final whorl, presence or absence of keel, spikes, etc.) from the Mediterranean, tropical Atlantic to the eastern part of the tropical zone of the Pacific and Indian Oceans over the past 13 million years. In the eco-interval (Buhliv beds, Vanzhuliv), this species was found in the form of two generations: 1 – Late Badenian, a small size (0.47 mm), with a smaller quantity of chambers in the final whorl (6–7,5), with a keel equipped, spikes, the wall is opaque; 2 – Early Sarmatian, large test (0,65 mm), with more number of chambers in the final whorl (9–11), non-keel, translucent wall.
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